Facts About Thailand

The Kingdom of Thailand is spread across 513,115 square kilometers. It is equal to the size of France and a little smaller than Texas. The capital of Thailand is Bangkok. Other cities of Thailand are Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai and Muang.

Population of Thailand is more than 63 million. Most Thais are Buddhist while there are also Muslims, Hindus and Christians but are in the minority. The language of Thailand is Thai. However, English is spoken in isolated pockets.

Thailand has rich soil conducive for agriculture and most people in the rural areas make their living by cultivating rice in the central, northern and north-eastern part of Thailand. The climate of Thailand is tropical. However, Thailand is developing and industrialization is taking place resulting in a lot of people migrating from rural areas to cities.

The Thai language is similar to Tai, the language spoken by the people who live in Southern China. This has led to a belief that the Thai originally came from southern China before migrating to South East Asia in the 6th or 7th century. Until 1938, Thailand was called Siam. It has a very close relationship with United Kingdom which signed the Treaty of Amity and Commerce in 1938 with Thailand and ended up being the first time that this country was recognized by a western power.

Japanese occupied Thailand during World War II. In 1945, after the Japanese were defeated, Thailand started having close relationship with the United States, which helped the communist regime to come to power.

Economy of Thailand is based on exports. Rice is the major cash crop and it is exported to many countries around the world. Fishery and other affiliated products are a major industry and along with rubber, corn and sugar it forms a large part of the export market.

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Thailand’s World

Thailand is a modern democratic Nation in Central South East Asia. ” Thai ” is the Tai word for ” free ”. The ” Thai ” identity was formed in the late 13 th C at Sukhothai and is not to be confused with ” Tai ” the name of the ethnic groups of people who migrated from Yunnan in the 12th & 13th Centuries. The character of the Thai Nation today and of its people can only be appreciated by exploring its 2000 years of recorded history and the cultures of the various peoples who live here. Thailand‘s natural landscape includes tropical wet evergreen forests in Southern Thailand to temperate deciduous forests in North Thailand and we explore these in the Thailand National Parks. Thailand art architecture and decorative objects need to be considered with regard to the influences of religion, mythological beliefs and regional artistic styles. Thailand is so large and diverse we detail all about Thailand in separate regions, North or Northern Thailand, South or Southern Thailand, Central Thailand and North East Thailand [ I 'san ].

North Thailand Travel & Places Of Interest

The Thailand Government defines North Thailand as consisting of both [ 1 ] the 84,000 square kilometres comprising 8 provinces of Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Nan, Lampang, Lamphun, Phrae and Mae Hong Son, which area originally comprised the Lan Na principalities detailed in the North Thailand History link [ the Upper North ], and [ 2 ] the 86,000 square kilometres of the Lower North, comprising the provinces of Kamphaeng Phet, Tak, Sukhothai, Uttaradit, Uthai Thani, Nakhon Sawan, Phichit Phitsanulok and Phetchabun, which area originally comprised the Kingdoms of Sukhothai and later the northern parts of the Kingdom of Ayutthaya, Thon Buri and Bangkok Kingdoms.

The Differences Between The Upper North Thailand And The Lower North Thailand

One discernable difference between the Upper and Lower North Thailand is topography. Upper North Thailand is characterised by long valleys generally running north south. The climate has three seasons, hot [ April to May ] cool and rain [ July to September ]. Approximately 72% of the area is mountainous, 21% upland and 8% lowland. The lowland is cultivated by the Tai people to produce wet rice.

Lower North Thailand has 45% of its total land mass less than 150 metres above sea level and is thus similar to Thailand‘s Central region. However the two mountain extensions of the Upper North, [ 1 ] Thanon Thang Chai Range to the west and, [ 2 ] Petchabun Range to the east attract an extension of swidden hill tribe communities as in the Upper North, all part of the exodus from China of these ethnic minorities over the past hundreds of years. The geographic differences in topography need to be appreciated as the ethnic, sociological and cultural differences are essentially between lowlanders and highlanders [ Hill tribes ]. These classifications and detailed explanations are discussed in North Thailand People .

About Central Thailand

Central Thailand is situated on the central plains of the Chao Phraya River and the Meklong River valley. The first substantial civilisation here was that of the Mon people and during the 6th – 9th C its Buddhist Kingdom was referred to in chinese records and on silver coins as ” Dvaravati ”. Influences from India when merged with Mon characteristics formed the basis of religion, art, architecture and public administration.

About South Thailand

South Thailand comprises the Southern Peninsula with the Andaman Sea to the West and the Gulf of Siam to the East. It is a mountainous region and the Phuket Mountain Range is the most important on the West from Chumphon to Krabi and to the East is the Nakhon Si Thammarat Mountain Range from Surat Thani to Satun. Between these ranges are the plains and limestone hills and to the South the Sannkalakhiri Mountains which divide Malaysia and Thailand.

Thailand has in excess of 138 wildlife sanctuaries and National Parks. The major locations are listed in the opposite links and we detail 20 National Parks and eco tourism locations. Thailand is home to over 15,000 species of vascular plants and 16,000 species of animals

Thailand travel and tourism to Thailand places of interest is not a matter of a few choices as is the case with many Asia destinations. Thailand is large and diverse with a large selection of travel and holiday options. In 2005 over 14 million tourists visited Thailand and their range of interests varied.

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Udon Thani Thailand

Udon Thani is the capital of Udon Thani province in the north east (Isaan region) of Thailand. Situated 560 km from Bangkok, travelling to the city is made easy by regular air, train and bus routes. Udon is a transport center that connects itself to all the major cities. The province itself is recognized as one of the poorer areas in Thailand with agriculture (mainly rice and sugar cane) being its main industry alongside its transport hub. The city itself is never going to creep up behind you twist your arm and take you on a rollercoaster ride, you need to poke it and prod it, shake it to life and then you will be pleasantly surprised by what it has to offer.

The Chareonsri Shopping Compact is a good a place as any to start, a modern shopping mall in the city center full of everything you could wish to buy; clothes, jewellery, fashion accessories, DVDs, mobile phones, souvenirs, electrical goods, photo shoots and many other items. A supermarket, restaurants, fast food outlets, money exchanges, cinema and ten pin bowling make the Chareonsri one of the best shopping malls outside Bangkok.

Try an early morning visit to the Nong Prajak Park used by locals for jogging and exercise, stroll around the lake and admire the flowers and plants, afterwards eat Thai style breakfast at one of the many stalls opposite. If you fancy a full english breakfast then you will not find better than what is on offer at the Irish Clock Pub in Soi Sampantamit Road (5 minutes from the Chareonsri Mall) an air conditioned bar with an extensive Thai and western menu. Getting around the city is easy with the countless small buses, samlors (like a tuk tuk) and pedaled two seater carriages.

Some of the hotels have swimming pools which offer a pleasant way to spend the afternoons, the Napalai Hotel is one which is open for use to non hotel residents. If you are hiring a car then take the 50 km trip east to Ban Chiang bronze age archaeological site which some experts have dated back to 5000 years ago or travel 50 km north to the border city of Nong Khai. In Nong Khai you can sit in a restaurant at the splendid Indo-china market overlooking the Mekong River, eat tasty grilled fish and view Laos across the water.

Evening time in Udon and you are really spoilt for choice by the abundance of Thai and western restaurants, the ten minute walk from the Chareonsri Shopping Compact to the Centre Point night market ( near the train station) will pass you by several restaurants. The night market is a must see venue with its wealth of stalls selling a wide range of goods and if you are still feeling hungry there are plenty of food vendors and sit down eateries here. Centre Point also has a cluster of bars where you can sit and drink and view sport or music on a giant TV screen. For the more adventurous night revellers then head for Soi Sampantamit Road and there should be enough bars and action to make your evening enjoyable. All in all Udon Thani offers plenty for everyone but you’ve got to get out there and prod, poke, shake and wake it and you will see Udon is well worth a visit…MY VERDICT….Udon Thani is a good location for singles to spend a week or two, for couples and families three to four days would be ideal if you are travelling to or from North Thailand.

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Northern Thailand Travel Experiences

Chiang Mai is the second largest city in Thailand and is considered the capital of Northern Thailand. Gilded Chedis and ornate temples abound. The ambience is very pleasing and the pace of life is slow, to say the least. This cannot be said of the markets however, the pace here is more frenetic. Should you be looking for crafts produced in the region you only need to visit the famous Night Bazaar to find all manner of goods displayed at very reasonable prices. If, it is possible, for you take a local Northern Thai resident with you when shopping, you will get a much more satisfying price.

There is without question a two tier price structure: one for the locals and one for the visitors. All of the goods on display at the Night Bazaar will have been manufactured in the local villages around Chiang Mai. The handicraft villages such as BORSANG and BAAN TAWAI represent excellent value, on their own but, if time is a limiting factor then the Night Bazaar showcases all of the craft items available in the area.

Also to be found in the area of the Night Bazaar are an abundance of bars and restaurants where you may quench your thirst and rest your feet. All of them are reasonably priced and offer entertainment, making Chiang Mai one of Northern Thailands most appealing tourist destinations. Some distance out of the city on the way to Doi Suthep you will find the Chiang Mai zoo. A popular day trip from Chiang Mai nestled among forest and spectacular waterfalls. Feeding the alligators is always a popular spectacle but, throughout the zoo you can see all sorts of species of mammals, reptiles and birds all in natural settings. It is quite exhausting to walk around the zoo, if you want to see everything but, they do have mini buses that you can jump on to get from point to point at a small cost.

Chiang Mai offers many hotels, from budget through to the luxurious Sheraton Chiang Mai. Something worth remembering is that the majority of hotels have a daily room rate and also a monthly rate. Should you be staying more than two weeks in the city it is definitely worth ascertaing the daily rate first. Having been offered the daily rate, enquire the monthly rate. At a hotel with a daily rate of 650baht, this represents a monthly rate of 20,000baht. You will be pleasantly surprised to find that the monthly rate will be somewhere around 7-8000baht. This results in a saving of 1000-2000baht against the daily rate. Any period longer than two weeks will mean that any extra days will in essence be free. The only difference in service is that sheets will only be changed once or twice a week and the same goes for chambermaid cleaning of the room. A small sacrifice I would suggest.

South of Chiang Mai is Lamphun, home to the Northern Thailand Trading Estate which provides jobs in many Multi-National companies who’s names would be instantly recognisable to most visitors. Lamphun, also has its own moat and several historic temples. Lamphun is the original capital city of the ancient Haripunchai kingdom. Farther south along highway eleven lies Lampang, another town that attracts tourists to its important temples. None more so than the temple at Kho Ka near Hang Chat.

Its claim to fame is that it was the original home of the Emerald Buddha. The Buddha was purloined by the early monarchs and now resides in the Grand Palace in Krung Thep (Bangkok to you and I). Marks from the weapons of the time can visibly be seen in the stonework surrounding the Chedi and great play is made of the battle that took place. The original wooden temple exists to this day and is visited with great reverence by the faithful.Another city well deserving of a visit is Chiang Rai. You will need to drive north from Chiang Mai and you will eventually come across the distinguished peak of Chiang Dao – another substantial peak possessing a fabulous complex of caves underneath it.

Further north, you can leave the main route and travel through mountain passes to Doi Angkhang – one of the last true wildernesses in Thailand before the hills of Myanmar stretch out before you. Another popular choice is to continue on to Tha Ton, here you can board an overnight raft trip to the older Northern Thai city of Chiang Rai. Much quieter and older than Chiang Mai but, beautifully kept and presented.By the Southern route you will leave Lampang heading for the hills towards another pretty city Phayao, via Ngao, which lies at the foot of the hills which need to be traversed.

I can testify from personal experience that it is very exhilarating to travel this route by coach. The drivers seem not to accept that others may use the road. Certainly anyone else on the route stays well out of their way.You will know when you are reaching Phayao by virtue of the huge expanse of water on your left. There is a temple nestled at the edge of the lake which must rate as one of the most peaceful places on this earth.Past Phayao the main road swings North and eventually you enter Chiang Rai from the South. Further North some 30 kilometres lies Mae Sai whose claim to fame is to be the Northern most point in Thailand. The so called Freedom Bridge marks the border between Thailand and Myanmar. I personally don’t imagine the locals of Myanmar consider it as a freedom bridge since the Military Junta keeps them firmly in Myanmar.

To cross from Northern Thailand into Myanmar however, is certainly an experience not to be missed. Immediately across the bridge is a market which is a hotbed of contraband or cheap goods of all hues.

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